
Gains across most Asian equity markets on Monday mark a return to uneasy calm following a turbulent week. Concerns over Artificial Intelligence (AI) had sent the region’s technology-heavy markets to some of their sharpest losses in years.
A rise of around 5.30% took Taiwan's benchmark TAIEX to 41,800, as the index recovered from last week's steepest weekly decline in two decades. Following Democratic wins in the US midterm elections, concerns over AI profitability and demand for infrastructure had fuelled the sell-off.

Analysts also pointed to a potential source of volatility at industry bellwether Nvidia. The company is conducting its own investigation into whether CEO Jensen Huang had been targeted by foreign espionage.
Japan’s benchmark Nikkei 225 advanced 2.90% to 59,090. Minutes of the BoJ's September meeting, published last week, showed that most policymakers considered additional interest rate rises appropriate as underlying inflation drew closer to the central bank's 2% target.
In China, the main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, added 0.35% to reach 3,660, while a 0.13% rise took the Hong Kong Stock Exchange to 24,520. By contrast, the Shenzhen Stock Index slipped 0.14% to 11,160.
Accounting for around 70% of global economic growth, Asia is home to several major stock market indices. Japan’s Nikkei, which covers 225 companies listed on the Tokyo stock exchange, and South Korea’s Kospi are prominent benchmarks among the region’s developed economies. China’s three important indices are the Hong Kong Hang Seng, the Shanghai Composite and the Shenzhen Composite. India’s sizeable emerging economy is also drawing investor interest, with increasing investment in companies included in the Sensex and Nifty indices.
Different sectors warrant attention across Asia’s main economies, reflecting their distinct characteristics. Indices in Japan and South Korea, and increasingly in China, are dominated by technology businesses. In Hong Kong and Singapore, both regarded as key financial services hubs, that sector leads the stock markets. Manufacturing also has a substantial presence in China and Japan, particularly in car production and electronics. Meanwhile, expanding middle classes in countries such as China and India are raising the prominence of retail and e-commerce businesses.
Although numerous influences shape Asian stock market indices, their principal driver is the combined performance of constituent companies, as reported in quarterly and annual earnings releases. National economic fundamentals, central bank decisions and government fiscal policies are also significant. At a broader level, equity markets can be affected by political stability, technological advances and the rule of law. US equity indices exert an influence too: Asian markets usually take their cue from Wall Street’s overnight performance. Wider market risk appetite also matters, since equities are viewed as riskier than alternatives such as fixed-income securities.
Beyond the risks inherent in equity investment, Asian shares carry region-specific risks that investors need to consider. Political systems across Asia range from full democracies to dictatorships, creating potentially substantial differences in political stability, transparency, the rule of law and corporate governance requirements. Trade disputes and territorial conflicts are among the geopolitical events that can trigger stock market volatility, alongside natural disasters. Exchange rate movements can also affect Asian stock market valuations, especially in export-oriented economies. These economies generally lose out when their currencies strengthen and benefit when they weaken, making their products cheaper overseas.