Japanese Yen pares gains as Ueda offers little clarity on the next rate hike

  • USD/JPY recovers to around 157.70 after hitting session lows of 157.12
  • Further interest rate rises remain on the agenda, BoJ Governor Ueda signals, without clarifying their timing.
  • Interest rates remained at 1.25% following the BoJ’s monetary policy meeting, in line with widespread expectations.

From session lows of 157.12, USD/JPY has recovered to around 157.70, leaving it flat on the daily chart. The Japanese Yen (JPY) is surrendering its earlier gains against the US Dollar (USD) on Friday, with comments from Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuho Ueda offering no support to the currency.

Describing Japan’s “financial conditions are accommodative” earlier on Friday, Ueda expressed confidence that the economy would maintain moderate growth in the near term. He also reaffirmed that the bank would “continue to raise the policy rate”, while stressing the need to monitor the impact of FX, AI and the Middle East.

TMGM Analysis: Financial Market News, Economic Calendar & Market Insights

BoJ signals sustained 2% inflation as Yen outlook hinges on gradual tightening

At 7.2/10, the FXS Speechtracker score sits slightly below the speaker’s historical average of 7.7/10. A modest hawkish bias is evident in the emphasis on underlying CPI being consistent with the 2% target. Nevertheless, references to accommodative financial conditions, government support measures and expectations of only moderate growth point to a cautious, data-dependent approach rather than aggressive tightening.

Before Ueda spoke, the BoJ had maintained its benchmark interest rate at 1.25%, matching widespread expectations, and announced that inflation had reached the 2% target established in 2013. According to its statement, the bank expects core inflation to remain broadly consistent with its price target, with inflation risks still tilted to the upside.

Ahead of the European session’s opening, the US Dollar is meanwhile recovering earlier losses as a modest shift towards risk aversion supports demand for safe-haven assets. A 12% decline on Thursday marked the worst day on record for shares in Google's Alphabet and weighed on Asian markets on Friday. Concerns about an AI bubble have sharply weakened investors’ appetite for equities.

Bank of Japan: key questions answered

As Japan’s central bank, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) determines the country’s monetary policy. It is mandated to issue banknotes and manage currency and monetary conditions to maintain price stability, defined by an inflation target of around 2%.

Against a backdrop of low inflation, the Bank of Japan adopted an ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013 to support economic activity and lift price growth. Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE) underpins its approach: money is printed to purchase assets, including government and corporate bonds, thereby supplying liquidity. Further easing followed in 2016, when the bank reinforced this strategy by introducing negative interest rates before moving to direct control of the yield on its 10-year government bonds. A rate rise in March 2024 marked the BoJ’s effective retreat from its ultra-loose stance.

The Yen weakened against its major currency peers as a result of the Bank’s large-scale stimulus. During 2022 and 2023, that depreciation intensified as policy at the Bank of Japan increasingly diverged from that of other major central banks, which raised interest rates sharply to tackle inflation at multi-decade highs. The BoJ’s approach widened interest rate differentials with other currencies, putting downward pressure on the Yen. In 2024, the decision to move away from ultra-loose policy brought a partial reversal of this trend.

Japanese inflation rose above the BoJ’s 2% target as the Yen weakened and global energy prices surged. Expectations of higher domestic salaries, a key driver of inflation, also played a part in the decision.