
At around 101.75, the US Dollar Index (DXY) is down over 0.20% on the day in early European trading, as hopes revive for a diplomatic breakthrough to end the US-Iran war. The index, which measures the Greenback against a basket of currencies, has drawn renewed selling interest at the start of the week, failing to build on Friday's modest rebound from the 101.60 area.

On Sunday, Iranian negotiators reportedly met Qatari mediators for a third consecutive day, putting forward a two-day plan to reopen the Strait of Hormuz on condition that the US meets a set of requirements. Investor confidence also received a boost from US President Donald Trump's remarks that talks with Iran were progressing well and that Iran wanted an agreement. Together, these developments have weighed on demand for the US Dollar (USD) as a traditional safe haven.
Nevertheless, Trump's refusal to rule out further military action after the 3 November midterm elections keeps the geopolitical risk premium in place. Renewed escalation in the Russia-Ukraine conflict and expectations that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) will increase borrowing costs again in December should also support the DXY. With attention turning to this week's key US economic releases, these factors suggest bears should exercise some caution.
Trading below the 100-hour Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 102.10 leaves the index with a bearish intraday bias. The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) has also edged into negative territory, while the Relative Strength Index (RSI) remains around 41. Taken together, the momentum signals suggest the DXY's attempted rebound is fading rather than developing into a sustained advance.
A move back above the immediate resistance at the 100-period SMA is therefore needed to relieve near-term downward pressure. Initial support lies at 101.60, followed by October's monthly swing low around 101.45. A decisive breach of that lower level would open the way to further declines, taking the DXY further below the 101.00 round number towards support at the 100-day SMA, currently around 100.70.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool. Know more.)
As the official currency of the United States of America, the US Dollar (USD) also serves as the ‘de facto’ currency in a significant number of other countries, circulating alongside their local banknotes. Data from 2022 show that it is the world's most actively traded currency, representing over 88% of global foreign exchange turnover, equivalent to an average of $6.6 trillion in daily transactions. After the Second World War, the USD replaced the British Pound as the world's reserve currency. Gold backed the US Dollar for most of its history, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 brought an end to the Gold Standard.
Monetary policy set by the Federal Reserve (Fed) is the single most significant influence on the US Dollar's value. The Fed's dual mandate is to maintain price stability by controlling inflation and to promote full employment. Adjustments to interest rates are its main means of pursuing these goals. If prices climb too rapidly and inflation exceeds the Fed's 2% target, the central bank raises rates, supporting the USD. Conversely, inflation below 2% or an excessively high unemployment rate may prompt the Fed to cut interest rates, putting pressure on the Greenback.
When conditions become extreme, the Federal Reserve can print additional Dollars and introduce quantitative easing (QE). Through QE, the Fed sharply expands the supply of credit in a financial system that has become blocked. This unconventional policy is deployed when credit dries up because banks, fearing counterparty default, are unwilling to lend to one another. It is a measure of last resort when interest rate cuts alone are unlikely to deliver the required outcome. During the Great Financial Crisis in 2008, the Fed chose QE to tackle the credit crunch. The process entails printing more Dollars to purchase US government bonds, mainly from financial institutions. The US Dollar usually weakens as a result of QE.
By contrast, quantitative tightening (QT) reverses that process: the Federal Reserve ceases purchasing bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from maturing bond holdings in fresh purchases. This generally supports the US Dollar.