BoJ Summary of Opinions: Member says appropriate to continue raising rates

The Bank of Japan (BoJ) published the Summary of Opinions from the October monetary policy meeting, with the key findings noted below.

Key quotes

One member said maintaining policy is suitable to assess risks around economy, prices a bit more.

One member notes some economic weakness, urges careful monitoring of economic and price outlook.

One member says appropriate to continue raising rates as underlying inflation nears price target levels.

One member said central bank should raise rates when feasible without excessive caution.

One member said Japan entering new phase requiring faster rate hikes toward neutral levels.

One member said underlying inflation has hit 2%, BoJ must raise policy rate to neutral level soon.

One member said BOJ must observe financial conditions for several months after each rate increase in adjusting monetary easing.

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Bank of Japan FAQs

What is the Bank of Japan?

The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the Japanese central bank, which sets monetary policy in the country. Its mandate is to issue banknotes and carry out currency and monetary control to ensure price stability, which means an inflation target of around 2%.

What has been the Bank of Japan’s policy?

The Bank of Japan embarked in an ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013 in order to stimulate the economy and fuel inflation amid a low-inflationary environment. The bank’s policy is based on Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE), or printing notes to buy assets such as government or corporate bonds to provide liquidity. In 2016, the bank doubled down on its strategy and further loosened policy by first introducing negative interest rates and then directly controlling the yield of its 10-year government bonds. In March 2024, the BoJ lifted interest rates, effectively retreating from the ultra-loose monetary policy stance.

How do Bank of Japan’s decisions influence the Japanese Yen?

The Bank’s massive stimulus caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process exacerbated in 2022 and 2023 due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation. The BoJ’s policy led to a widening differential with other currencies, dragging down the value of the Yen. This trend partly reversed in 2024, when the BoJ decided to abandon its ultra-loose policy stance.

Why did the Bank of Japan decide to start unwinding its ultra-loose policy?

A weaker Yen and the spike in global energy prices led to an increase in Japanese inflation, which exceeded the BoJ’s 2% target. The prospect of rising salaries in the country – a key element fuelling inflation – also contributed to the move.

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