
Around 1.1120 in Wednesday’s early European session, EUR/USD remains under pressure. Ahead of Wednesday’s Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate announcement, a more cautious mood could emerge in markets later in the day. Attention will then shift to the European Central Bank (ECB) policy meeting on Thursday.

A decision to leave benchmark rates at 3.75%-4.00% is expected when the Fed announces its policy on Wednesday. According to the CME FedWatch tool, Fed funds futures imply a 92.8% probability that the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) will leave its policy interest rate unchanged. For December, the probability of a US rate increase is 84.4%.
Chris Weston, head of research at Pepperstone Group in Melbourne, said: "The Fed doesn't need to hike today to move markets," adding: "It simply needs to change the perceived probability of hiking in December."
Following September’s 25 bps increase, the ECB is likely to keep its key interest rates on hold at Thursday’s forthcoming meeting. In the near term, however, the Euro’s gains might be constrained by elevated energy costs, swings in French government bonds and concerns over France’s fiscal position.
A mixed, though broadly constructive, picture of US markets is described by Commerzbank analysts, who observe that “the DJIA held steady, while the S&P500 and the Nasdaq Composite Index rose 0.6% and 1.2% respectively.” Turning to currencies, the analysts point to fresh support for the greenback, noting that “the Dollar Index rose 0.4% to 102.37,” and cite the resulting pressure on the Euro: “EUR-USD fell 50 pips to 1.1120.”
At 5.6 against a historical baseline of 6.1, Fed Chair Warsh’s comments register slightly below the established benchmark on the FXS Speechtracker. The score points to a mildly less forceful tone, although the substance of the messaging is largely unchanged. By acknowledging that he is “over-scarred” by the Global Financial Crisis, Warsh signals an underlying inclination towards caution on financial stability. At the same time, he points to a structural surge in growth and investment while declining to commit in advance to decisions at the October and December meetings. His focus on AI as both a short-term source of demand and a future aid to data-dependent policymaking suggests a willingness to consider productivity-driven upside risks, alongside recognised uncertainty over employment.
Following the speech, the FXS Fed Sentiment Index remained at 127.51. Despite the 0.00-point change, that level is firmly hawkish. The latest remarks therefore did not add to the hawkish signal, but the broader policy setting continues to favour the Dollar, given the elevated Fed hawkishness reflected in both the FXS Fed Sentiment Index and the FXS Speechtracker.
With spot beneath the 20-day Bollinger simple moving average and substantially below the 100-day moving average, the daily EUR/USD chart continues to show a pronounced bearish trend. Both averages reinforce the downward bias. Trading below the lower Bollinger band also points to sustained selling pressure. Meanwhile, a Relative Strength Index (14) reading of around 30 indicates oversold conditions, which could temper the decline without yet signalling a reversal.
Initial support for the pair is provided by the psychological 1.1100 mark. Sustained selling beneath that threshold would bring the 12 May 2025 low of 1.0951 into view. As long as EUR/USD stays firmly below this longer-term barrier, the wider bearish bias is likely to endure.
For any recovery, the first resistance comes from the 20-day Bollinger midline at around 1.1205, followed by the upper Bollinger band near 1.1280. Clearing the latter level decisively could open a path towards the 100-day moving average at 1.1440.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool. Know more.)
Used by the 20 European Union countries in the Eurozone, the Euro ranks second only to the US Dollar among the world’s most traded currencies. Its share of all foreign exchange transactions was 31% in 2022, with average daily turnover exceeding $2.2 trillion. An estimated 30% of all transactions involve EUR/USD, making it the world’s most actively traded currency pair. EUR/JPY follows with 4%, ahead of EUR/GBP at 3% and EUR/AUD at 2%.
Based in Frankfurt, Germany, the European Central Bank (ECB) acts as the Eurozone’s reserve bank, setting interest rates and overseeing monetary policy. Maintaining price stability is its principal mandate, whether through restraining inflation or supporting growth. Changes to interest rates are its main policy instrument. Higher rates, or expectations that rates will rise, generally support the Euro; lower rates tend to have the opposite effect. Monetary policy is decided by the ECB Governing Council at eight meetings each year. Those decisions are taken by the heads of the Eurozone’s national banks together with six permanent members, among them ECB President Christine Lagarde.
Measured by the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), Eurozone inflation is an important economic gauge for the Euro. An inflation reading above expectations, particularly one exceeding the ECB’s 2% target, obliges the central bank to increase interest rates to regain control of price pressures. When interest rates in the region are relatively high compared with those elsewhere, the Euro usually benefits, as global investors find the region a more attractive destination for their money.
By revealing the economy’s underlying health, data releases can move the Euro. GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment figures and consumer sentiment surveys are among the indicators capable of shaping the single currency’s direction. Economic strength supports the Euro by drawing in additional foreign investment and potentially prompting the ECB to raise interest rates, which directly strengthens the currency. Weak economic figures, by contrast, are likely to weigh on the Euro. Particular weight is attached to data from Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Together, these four largest euro area economies represent 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
The Trade Balance is another important release for the Euro, recording the gap between a country’s export earnings and its import expenditure over a specified period. Strong overseas demand for a country’s exports creates additional demand for its currency as foreign buyers seek to purchase those goods, lifting the currency’s value. A positive net Trade Balance therefore strengthens a currency, whereas a negative balance has the reverse effect.