
A cautious trading mood leaves GBP/USD largely unchanged around 1.3405 in Tuesday’s early European session. With major events due later this week, traders are staying on the sidelines ahead of the US midterm elections, the Bank of England (BoE) interest rate decision and September’s US jobs data.

At Thursday’s November policy meeting, the BoE is expected to lift the Bank Rate from 3.75% to 4.0%. Such a move would mark its first increase since August 2023, when inflation was still above the BoE’s 2% target. Following the anticipated increase on Thursday, another BoE hike in February is also likely, according to ING analysts. However, they said market pricing for BoE rate increases “looks extreme.”
For further indications of the UK interest rate trajectory, traders will watch the press conference closely. Hawkish comments from BoE Governor Andrew Bailey could lend near-term support to the British Pound (GBP) against the US Dollar (USD).
Thursday’s Bank of England policy announcement and Monetary Policy Report will be the main focus, according to strategists at Brown Brothers Harriman. They describe the BoE as “widely expected to start tightening with a 25bps hike to 4.00% after standing pat all year.” In their assessment, “firmer UK inflation and economic activity back the move,” with the vote expected to be “7-2 with doves Alan Taylor and Swati Dhingra supporting a hold.”
Market rate expectations will also come under scrutiny, with BBH noting that “BoE guidance and the updated MPR will test market expectations for 100bps of tightening over the next twelve months,” and cautioning that “persistent spare capacity across the forecast horizon would strengthen the case for pricing out hikes and limit GBP upside.”
A score of 7.4/10 on FXS Speechtracker puts the BoE’s Greene exactly at the historical average, indicating an unchanged but decidedly hawkish position. Her emphasis on wage disinflation having stalled above levels compatible with 2% inflation adds to concerns that second-round inflation effects remain a significant risk. Forward-looking pay growth near 3.5% and an unexpectedly resilient economy reinforce those concerns.
A reluctance to back rapid policy easing is evident in Greene’s call for proactive action against these second-round effects and her assessment that the risks are now larger than previously believed. Her suggestion that labour market slack may have peaked also indicates that underlying wage pressures could endure. Such conditions typically favour the Pound as markets price in a more sustained tightening bias at the BoE.
A supportive near-term picture emerges on the daily chart, where GBP/USD remains above both the 100-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) and the Bollinger Bands’ 20-period middle SMA following its recent rebound from the lower band. At 57.9, the Relative Strength Index (14) remains positive without indicating overbought conditions. This suggests bullish momentum is still building as the pair nears the upper boundary of its recent volatility range.
The upper Bollinger band around 1.3465 provides the first upside hurdle, ahead of the 15 July high at 1.3558. Beyond that, attention turns to the 21 August high of 1.3675 as the next resistance.
Support begins at the 100-day SMA of 1.3385. Below this, the middle Bollinger band near 1.3320 comes into focus, followed by the 15 October low at 1.3184. Further selling beneath that level could bring the recent lower Bollinger band low around 1.3172 into view.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool. Know more.)
Dating back to 886 AD, the Pound Sterling (GBP) is the world’s oldest currency and serves as the United Kingdom’s official currency. According to 2022 data, it ranks fourth among the world’s most traded foreign exchange (FX) currencies, representing 12% of all transactions and an average daily turnover of $630 billion. Among its main currency pairs, GBP/USD, also called ‘Cable’, represents 11% of FX trading. GBP/JPY, known to traders as the ‘Dragon’, accounts for 3%, while EUR/GBP accounts for 2%. The Bank of England (BoE) issues the Pound Sterling.
Monetary policy set by the Bank of England has the greatest influence on the Pound Sterling’s value. Policy decisions depend on whether the BoE has met its core objective of “price stability”, meaning inflation that remains steady at around 2%. Adjusting interest rates is its main means of pursuing that objective. To curb excessively high inflation, the BoE raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs for households and businesses. GBP generally benefits because higher rates make the UK a more appealing destination for international investors’ funds. By contrast, inflation that falls too low signals a slowdown in economic growth. The BoE will then consider cutting interest rates to make credit cheaper, encouraging businesses to borrow more for investment in projects that generate growth.
The Pound Sterling can respond to economic releases because they indicate the economy’s health. GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment figures are among the indicators that can shape GBP’s direction. Sterling benefits from economic strength, which draws in more foreign investment and may prompt the BoE to raise interest rates, directly strengthening GBP. Conversely, weak economic readings are likely to weigh on the Pound Sterling.
The Trade Balance is another important release for the Pound Sterling. Over a specified period, it captures the difference between a country’s export earnings and its spending on imports. Strong overseas demand for a country’s exports creates additional demand for its currency as foreign buyers seek to purchase those goods. A positive net Trade Balance therefore supports the currency, while a negative balance has the opposite effect.