Can Japan’s upcoming inflation figures dislodge the Yen from near 158.00?

  • Range-bound trading persists in USD/JPY, which closes near 158.00 again within the band maintained since October 1.
  • Swaps imply a probability below 5% for a BoJ hike on October 30, against nearly 80% for December 18.
  • Ahead of the BoJ's October 30 policy decision, Japan releases national CPI data on Thursday.

The Yen drew little support on Tuesday from lower Crude Oil prices or Dollar weakness against other currencies, leaving USD/JPY near the closing levels seen through most of October. After slipping from around 158.50 to its session low, the pair retraced roughly half of the decline.

TMGM Analysis: Financial Market News, Economic Calendar & Market Insights

Yen buyers have no BoJ rate increase to factor in before December, according to swap pricing. Traders assigned a probability of less than 5% to a hike from 1.25% on October 30 and around 80% to an increase on December 18 after Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Ueda told parliament on Monday that underlying inflation was very close to the 2% target.

Tuesday's peak, slightly above 158.50, marked USD/JPY's highest level since Finance Minister Katayama warned on October 15 that Japan was prepared to intervene in the currency market again. The pair failed to sustain that level. Prime Minister Takaichi, meanwhile, denied responsibility for the Yen's weakness.

Which data releases are next?

An acceleration in export growth to 20.1% year-on-year from 19.3% is forecast in Japan's September trade data, due at 23:50 GMT on Tuesday. Thursday brings national CPI excluding fresh food at 23:30 GMT, with inflation expected to rise to 2.1% from 1.7%. Those readings sit on either side of the BoJ's 2% target.

The final US inflation readings before the Fed's October 28 decision will be the University of Michigan inflation expectations, due at 14:00 GMT on Friday. One-year expectations are forecast to remain at 4.7%, while five-year expectations are projected at 3.5%. The Fed's decision precedes the BoJ's by two days.

What do the charts indicate?

USD/JPY has closed no more than 75 pips away from 158.00 on every trading day since October 1, while its 50-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) lies just a few pips from that level. October's trading band stretches from slightly below 157.00 to slightly below 159.00, with the 200-day EMA positioned just above 157.50.


Daily price chart: USD/JPY

Japanese Yen: frequently asked questions

Among the most actively traded currencies globally, the Japanese Yen (JPY) takes its broad direction from Japan's economic performance. More specific influences include Bank of Japan policy, the gap between Japanese and US bond yields, and traders' appetite for risk, alongside other factors.

Currency control forms part of the Bank of Japan's mandate, making its actions important for the Yen. Direct intervention in currency markets has occasionally been used by the BoJ, usually to weaken the currency. However, political concerns among Japan's principal trading partners discourage frequent intervention. Between 2013 and 2024, the BoJ's ultra-loose monetary stance weakened the Yen against its major peers as policy increasingly diverged from that of other leading central banks. A gradual withdrawal of that ultra-loose policy has more recently provided the Yen with some support.

By maintaining ultra-loose monetary policy over the last decade, the BoJ moved increasingly out of step with other central banks, especially the US Federal Reserve. The resulting policy divergence helped widen the yield gap between 10-year US and Japanese bonds, benefiting the US Dollar relative to the Japanese Yen. That gap is now narrowing as the BoJ follows through on its 2024 decision to progressively exit ultra-loose policy, while other major central banks cut interest rates.

During periods of market stress, investors are more likely to move money into the Japanese Yen, which is widely regarded as a safe-haven investment because of its perceived reliability and stability. Such turbulence is likely to lift the Yen against currencies considered riskier investments.